There’s been a lot of confusion surrounding California’s new gun laws set to roll out in 2026, and today we need to clear the air—especially when it comes to SB74, the controversial firearm barrel background check and registration bill.

In a recent video, I mentioned that SB74 would not take effect until July 1, 2027, and since then I’ve heard from many viewers saying the law actually starts on January 1, 2026. The truth is, both statements are technically correct, and that confusion is not accidental.

SB74 officially becomes law on January 1, 2026. That means the statute will exist in California’s penal code as of that date. However, the core enforcement provisions—including background checks, fees, and registration requirements for firearm barrels—are delayed until July 1, 2027.

This distinction matters. While certain definitions and requirements (such as mandatory in-person transfers through an FFL, including private party transfers) begin in 2026, the most burdensome parts of the law are not enforceable for another 18 months.

California often uses this delayed-operative strategy when passing laws that are likely to face constitutional challenges. By postponing enforcement, the state makes it harder for advocacy groups to immediately file lawsuits, since plaintiffs must show actual harm from enforcement—not just the existence of the law.

Under SB74:

• Firearm barrels can no longer be shipped directly to your home
• Buyers must undergo an eligibility/background check
• Personal identifying information and barrel details are collected
• Transaction data is sent to and stored by the California DOJ

In short, it creates another registry and another barrier to exercising Second Amendment rights.

If history is any guide, the rollout will likely be messy. Previous eligibility check systems in California were plagued with delays, false denials, and data mismatches—problems that are already being challenged in court. Lawsuits against SB74 are expected once the law becomes fully operative in July 2027.

SB74 takes effect January 1, 2026, but its main registration and background check requirements will not be enforced until July 1, 2027. Californians have roughly 18 months before another sweeping firearm registry comes online.

As always, stay informed, stay engaged, and make sure you understand what’s coming—because California lawmakers are counting on confusion.